About Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea has a population of approximately 6.7 million. The Papua New Guinea mainland and its six hundred islands have a total area of 463,000 square kilometres. Most of the people are Melanesian, but some are Micronesian or Polynesian. Papua New Guinea has over 800 known languages. English, Tok Pisin (Pidgin), and Hiri Motu (the lingua franca of the Papuan region) are the official languages.
The spectrum of Papua New Guinea society now ranges from traditional village-based life, dependent on subsistence and small cash-crop agriculture, to modern urban life in the main cities of Port Moresby (capital), Lae, Madang, Wewak, Goroka, Mt Hagen, and Rabaul. Some 85 per cent of the population directly derive their livelihood from farming, and 15 per cent of the population live in urban areas. Population growth is estimated to be 2.8 per cent annually.
Papua New Guinea is situated directly to the north of Australia. Separated by the Torres Strait, PNG is less than 200 kilometres from the Australian mainland. Yet the two countries are far apart in various ways :
Australia’s GDP per capita is more than 15 times higher than PNG’s.
Australians on average live nearly 20 years longer than Papua New Guineans.
Papua New Guinean women are 32 times more likely to die during childbirth than Australian women.
Whereas almost all Australian adults are literate, nearly one in three Papua New Guinean adults cannot read or write.
The majority (60 percent) of Papua New Guineans do not have guaranteed access to safe drinking water, and the rate of people living with HIV/AIDS is the highest in the Pacific.
PNG is known for its high rate of gender-based violence. According to the PNG Law Reform Commission, 70 percent of women in PNG say they have been physically abused by their husbands. That number reaches 100 percent in some parts of the country.